Table of Contents
- Key takeaways
- Understanding effective research prompting
- Literature review and background research prompts
- Prompts for identifying key papers and seminal works in a field
- Prompts for identifying research gaps and opportunities
- Prompts for organizing literature review frameworks
- Prompts for tracking research trends and developments
- Research question and hypothesis development prompts
- Prompts for refining research questions
- Prompts for developing testable hypotheses
- Prompts for evaluating research question significance
- Prompts for identifying variables and relationships
- Prompts for framing questions within theoretical frameworks
- Research methodology design prompts
- Prompts for selecting appropriate research methods
- Prompts for designing experimental protocols
- Prompts for creating survey and interview questions
- Prompts for sampling strategy development
- Prompts for addressing methodology limitations
- Data collection and analysis planning prompts
- Prompts for creating data collection instruments
- Prompts for developing coding frameworks
- Prompts for planning statistical analyses
- Prompts for qualitative data analysis approaches.
- Prompts for mixed methods integration strategies
- Implementation tips for incorporating these prompts
- Research writing and communication prompts
- Prompts for structuring research papers and reports
- Prompts for writing effective abstracts and introductions
- Prompts for describing methods clearly
- Prompts for presenting compelling results
- Prompts for developing discussion points and implications
- Prompts for creating research presentations and posters
- How to adapt these prompts for different publication formats
- Research collaboration and project management prompts
- Prompts for planning research timelines
- Prompts for coordinating team research activities
- Prompts for preparing research meetings
- Prompts for documenting research decisions
- Prompts for research project troubleshooting
- Research ethics and integrity prompts
- How to customize and extend these
- Conclusion and future research directions
Key takeaways
- Good prompts make AI useful. They help you move faster, stay focused, and get clearer output, especially when the task is complex or repetitive.
- You don’t need to use all 100. Just find the ones that solve your current problem and start there.
- Add context, always. Vague prompts lead to vague answers. Be clear about your goals, data, and audience.
- Review and refine. Treat the output as a first draft. Use your judgment to adjust, polish, or rework as needed.
- Prompting is a skill. The more you test and tweak, the more value you’ll get across every stage of your research.
Understanding effective research prompting
Literature review and background research prompts
Prompts for identifying key papers and seminal works in a field
- You are a research assistant. Your task is to identify the top 10 most cited and influential papers in the field of [insert research topic]. Include publication year, authors, journal/conference, citation count (if available), and a 2-sentence summary for each paper. Focus only on peer-reviewed academic sources.
- Find the foundational or seminal works in the domain of [insert topic]. These should be early papers that introduced key theories, models, or terminology. List the top 5 seminal papers and explain briefly why each is considered foundational.
- Provide a chronological overview of landmark publications in [insert field]. Focus on papers that marked a turning point, introduced novel methodologies, or influenced future research directions.
- Act as an expert academic. Compare two to three major databases (e.g., Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar) and list the most consistently referenced papers in [insert topic]. Discuss any discrepancies and possible reasons.
- You are a literature analyst. Summarize the paper "[insert title]" using the following structure: 1) Objective, 2) Methodology, 3) Key Findings, 4) Limitations, 5) Significance. Use clear academic language.
- Compare and contrast two research papers on [insert topic]. Highlight differences in methodology, findings, scope, and conclusions. Present your analysis in a structured table.
- Extract and evaluate the theoretical framework used in the paper "[insert title]". Identify the origin of the theory, how it's applied in the study, and any limitations in its application.
- Critically assess the strength of the evidence provided in the study "[insert title]". Is the sample size adequate? Are the methods valid? Do the data support the conclusion? Present your critique in bullet points.
Prompts for identifying research gaps and opportunities
- Review the following literature summary and identify at least three research gaps or unanswered questions that could later be explored in future studies.
- Based on recent publications in the area below, suggest three novel research questions that address gaps or contradictions in the current literature.
- Analyze trends in the last decade of literature on this topic. Identify neglected subfields or underrepresented populations that present research opportunities.
- Identify potential theoretical gaps in this area of study. Suggest how emerging frameworks or interdisciplinary approaches could address them.
Prompts for organizing literature review frameworks
- Propose an outline for a structured literature review on the topic below. Organize it thematically or chronologically, and include subheadings and a brief note on what each section will cover.
- Create a concept map or a hierarchical structure to organize major themes, subthemes, and connections across the literature in this area.
- Group the following studies into thematic categories. Provide a label and brief description for each theme.
- Act as a literature review coach. Evaluate the structure of the following draft review and suggest improvements to coherence, flow, and thematic organization.
Prompts for tracking research trends and developments
- Identify major research trends in the following field from the past five years. Highlight emerging topics, shifts in focus, and any growing sub-disciplines.
- Compare the dominant research themes in this field from the early 2010s to those from the last five years. Summarize what has declined, remained central, or newly emerged.
- Based on recent literature, list three underexplored or emerging gaps in this research area. Explain why each represents an opportunity for future investigation.
- Suggest three interdisciplinary or societal trends currently influencing this research field. Describe how each is reshaping questions, methods, or theoretical approaches.
Research question and hypothesis development prompts
Prompts for refining research questions
- You are a senior research advisor. Given the broad topic below, generate three focused and researchable questions that are clear, specific, and suitable for empirical investigation.
- Act as a peer reviewer, evaluating the clarity of research questions. Revise the question below to improve precision, focus, and alignment with research objectives.
- You are a mixed-methods strategist. Generate three alternative versions of the following research question: one for a quantitative study, one for a qualitative study, and one for a mixed-methods design.
Prompts for developing testable hypotheses
- Act as a research consultant. Based on the topic below, generate three specific, researchable questions that are aligned with current academic standards and feasible to study.
- Review the research question below and revise it for clarity, focus, and alignment with measurable outcomes. Make sure it’s free of assumptions and ambiguity.
- Rewrite the research question below into three versions: one suitable for a qualitative study, one for a quantitative study, and one for a mixed-methods approach.
Prompts for evaluating research question significance
- Act as a research methods specialist. Based on the research question provided, develop a clear, testable hypothesis. Identify the independent and dependent variables and the expected direction of the relationship.
- Write both a null and an alternative hypothesis for the following research question. Ensure the hypotheses are logically paired and can be statistically tested.
- Generate three distinct hypotheses based on the study context below. Each should target a different variable relationship or interaction that is observable and measurable.
Prompts for identifying variables and relationships
- Act as a peer reviewer for an academic journal. Evaluate the significance of the research question below by considering novelty, theoretical contribution, practical impact, and feasibility.
- Rank the following research questions based on clarity, originality, and potential contribution to the field. Justify your rankings in one sentence each.
- Suggest three specific ways to increase the academic or practical significance of the following research question without losing its focus.
Prompts for framing questions within theoretical frameworks
- Recommend a theoretical framework that fits the research question below. Explain how it supports the question’s structure and shapes the research design.
- Frame the following research question using a discipline-relevant theory. Reflect core constructs from the theory in the revised question.
- Assess the alignment between the following theoretical framework and the research question. Identify any inconsistencies and suggest a better-fitting theory or a refined version of the question.
Research methodology design prompts
Prompts for selecting appropriate research methods
- You are a methodology consultant. Based on the following research objective, suggest the most appropriate research method (quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods). Justify your choice and explain how it best serves the research goal.
- Given the following constraints (budget, timeline, data availability), recommend a feasible research method and explain how to adapt it to preserve validity.
- Compare the pros and cons of two research methods (e.g., experimental vs. case study) for the following research question. Provide a recommendation.
Prompts for designing experimental protocols
- Act as a research designer. Develop a detailed experimental protocol for the study described below. Include control conditions, variables, randomization strategy, and measurement plan.
- Review this draft experimental design and identify potential threats to internal and external validity. Suggest revisions.
- Generate a checklist for piloting this experimental protocol. Include recruitment, logistics, tech checks, and IRB considerations.
Prompts for creating survey and interview questions
- Create a set of survey questions aligned with the following research objective. Ensure clarity, neutrality, and proper scaling.
- Based on the interview goal below, create a semi-structured interview guide with 6–8 open-ended questions, along with follow-up probes.
- Revise the following survey for bias, length, and clarity. Suggest ways to improve response rates and data quality.
Prompts for sampling strategy development
- Based on the population and research goal below, recommend a sampling strategy. Include sample size, selection method (e.g., random, stratified), and justification.
- Given these constraints (limited access and low population density), design an adaptive sampling strategy that ensures both diversity and reliability.
- Act as a peer reviewer. Critique the following sampling strategy and suggest improvements in representativeness, power, or feasibility.
Prompts for addressing methodology limitations
- Identify and explain potential methodological limitations in the study described below. For each, suggest mitigation strategies.
- Rewrite this methodology section to discuss limitations and transparently justify key decisions. Use a clear, professional academic tone.
- Given this study design, list at least five questions a reviewer might raise about methodological rigor. Provide preemptive responses for each.
Data collection and analysis planning prompts
Prompts for creating data collection instruments
- You are a survey design expert. Create a structured questionnaire for the following study objective. Include sections, transparent and unbiased questions, and appropriate response types (e.g., Likert, multiple choice, open-ended).
- Based on this qualitative research aim, generate an in-depth interview guide. Include opening, core, and follow-up probes that elicit rich data while maintaining ethical sensitivity.
- Review the following data collection tool and revise it for clarity, neutrality, and alignment with research objectives.
Prompts for developing coding frameworks
- Based on the following qualitative research questions and sample data, generate a thematic coding framework. Include main themes, subthemes, and example codes.
- Review this initial coding structure and suggest refinements to improve clarity, reduce overlap, and better capture emergent patterns in the data.
- Translate the following conceptual framework into a deductive coding scheme for analyzing qualitative interviews.
Prompts for planning statistical analyses
- You are a statistical consultant. Based on the study design, variables, and sample size below, recommend the most appropriate statistical tests and justify why.
- Create a statistical analysis plan (SAP) for this study. Include variables, hypotheses, statistical tests, assumptions, and criteria for significance.
- Review the following dataset and propose exploratory and inferential analyses that align with the research questions.
Prompts for qualitative data analysis approaches.
- Suggest a suitable qualitative analysis approach (e.g., grounded theory, narrative analysis, content analysis) for the study below. Justify your selection based on the research question and the type of data you are using.
- Given the following transcripts and research aim, guide me through the step-by-step process of conducting thematic analysis, including coding, theme development, and interpretation.
- Review this analysis summary and suggest ways to deepen interpretation, explore contradictions, and connect themes to theoretical constructs.
Prompts for mixed methods integration strategies
- You are a mixed methods expert. Given this quantitative and qualitative dataset, suggest an integration strategy using either triangulation, explanatory, or exploratory design. Include reasoning.
- Design a results section layout for a mixed methods study that weaves together qualitative and quantitative findings cohesively.
- Based on this mixed-methods project, suggest visualization techniques (e.g., joint displays, side-by-side comparisons) to communicate integrated findings effectively.
Implementation tips for incorporating these prompts
- Start with where you are. Use the section that fits what you’re working on, such as surveys, coding, analysis, or combining data.
- Give context by adding your study goal, sample size, or data type. The more precise your input, the better the output will be.
- Use the right tools:
- For qualitative data, try NVivo, Dedoose, or Google Docs
- For stats, use Excel, SPSS, or R
- For mixed methods, combine outputs using joint displays or side-by-side summaries.
- Review before using. These prompts help you move faster, but they won’t catch mistakes or context. Always double-check the results.
Research writing and communication prompts
Prompts for structuring research papers and reports
- Based on the following research topic, create a complete outline for a standard research paper (IMRaD format: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion). Include subheadings and key points for each section.
- Act as a research writing mentor. Given the objective and findings of the study below, suggest the most logical and coherent structure for writing the paper. Include reasoning behind the structure.
- You are a journal editor. Evaluate the structure of the following draft paper. Identify missing elements, misplaced content, or structure issues. Offer concrete recommendations to improve flow and clarity.
Prompts for writing effective abstracts and introductions
- Write a concise, publication-ready abstract for the following study. Include background, objective, methods, key findings, and conclusion—limited to 250 words.
- Given the complete paper text below, write a compelling introduction section that frames the research question, provides background, highlights a gap in the literature, and ends with the study aim.
- Revise the following abstract to make it more engaging, precise, and aligned with academic journal standards. Highlight any jargon you can simplify.
- Generate three different versions of an abstract (standard, lay summary, and for a conference submission) based on the same study.
Prompts for describing methods clearly
- Write a clear, replicable methods section for the following study. Describe the participants, instruments, procedures, data collection, and analysis in detail, suitable for peer-reviewed publication.
- Review the following methods section and identify gaps in clarity, replicability, or ethical reporting. Suggest concrete revisions.
- Simplify this complex methods section for a broader, interdisciplinary audience while keeping all key procedural elements.
Prompts for presenting compelling results
- Given the following results data, generate a narrative results section that highlights key findings, uses proper statistical language, and avoids overinterpretation. Include figure/table suggestions.
- Rewrite the results section below to emphasize clarity, coherence, and logical flow. Use subheadings and bullet points if necessary.
- Transform this statistical output into a reader-friendly interpretation suitable for inclusion in a peer-reviewed article.
- Identify inconsistencies or overstatements in the following results section and rewrite it to reflect the findings accurately.
Prompts for developing discussion points and implications
- Write a discussion section for this study. Include interpretation of findings, comparison with existing literature, strengths and limitations, and practical implications.
- Suggest five original discussion points that draw meaningful implications from the following results. Avoid generic or overstated claims.
- Rewrite the discussion section below to strengthen logical reasoning, avoid speculation, and add references to relevant studies.
Prompts for creating research presentations and posters
- Create a structured outline for a 10-minute research presentation based on the following study. Include slide titles and key points for each slide.
- Convert the following paper into content for a research poster. Include title, sections, bullet-point summaries, and visual suggestions.
- You are designing a conference presentation. Generate an opening hook, a one-slide summary of results, and a strong closing statement for the following study.
How to adapt these prompts for different publication formats
- For academic journals, use prompts as written. Focus on precision, technical accuracy, and formal tone.
- For conference posters, simplify and condense your content. Add phrases like “present in bullet points” or “optimize for visual layout” to shift the output style.
- For blogs or public-facing articles, adjust for accessibility. Include phrases like “rewrite for an 8th-grade reading level” or “explain to a non-expert audience.”
- For grant applications and proposals: Shift the tone to persuasive. Use additions like “highlight innovation, feasibility, and impact” to align with grant reviewer priorities.
- For stakeholder slide decks, emphasize clarity and relevance. Modify prompts with “highlight takeaways for business or policy decision-makers.”
Research collaboration and project management prompts
Prompts for planning research timelines
- You are a research project manager. Given the project details below, create a detailed timeline that includes phases, milestones, deliverables, and estimated deadlines. Format it as a Gantt-style breakdown.
- Based on the research plan below, identify potential timeline risks and propose strategies to mitigate them. Consider dependencies, external deadlines, and resource constraints.
Prompts for coordinating team research activities
- Act as a research team lead. Given the team members and project scope, allocate responsibilities, define roles, and suggest collaboration tools to ensure effective communication.
- Create a weekly coordination plan for a distributed research team working on the project below. Include regular check-ins, task updates, communication protocols, and accountability strategies.
Prompts for preparing research meetings
- Prepare a research team meeting agenda based on the following project status. Include clear objectives, discussion topics, decisions to be made, and time allocations.
- Write a follow-up email summarizing the key outcomes, tasks assigned, and next steps from the following research meeting notes. Keep it professional and concise.
Prompts for documenting research decisions
- Create a decision log for the following research project. Document each major decision, who made it, when, and the rationale. Make it suitable for audit or reporting purposes.
- Rewrite the following informal research notes into a structured documentation format suitable for internal records or funder reporting.
Prompts for research project troubleshooting
- You are a research project advisor. Analyze the project issue described below and suggest a step-by-step action plan to troubleshoot and get the research back on track.
- Given the conflict described between research team members, provide a conflict resolution strategy that protects the project timeline, maintains trust, and ensures collaboration.
Research ethics and integrity prompts
- You are an expert in research ethics. Given the following research proposal, identify and explain all potential ethical issues related to the study design, participant involvement, data collection, and any broader societal implications. Provide recommendations on how to mitigate each issue.
- Act as a research ethics specialist. Create a comprehensive, clear, and participant-friendly informed consent form for the following study. Include all essential elements such as purpose, procedures, risks, benefits, confidentiality, voluntary participation, and contact information. Ensure it is understandable at an 8th-grade reading level.
- Review the following research project and identify any potential or perceived conflicts of interest, such as financial, professional, or personal. Explain why they might be problematic and suggest transparent strategies for disclosure and mitigation.
- Based on the following research methodology, outline all measures the research team should take to ensure transparency and reproducibility. Include recommendations for pre-registration, data sharing, methods reporting, and authorship clarity. Provide specific tools or platforms if relevant.
- Given this research topic, analyze its potential short-term and long-term implications on individuals, communities, policy, and the environment. Include both positive and negative outcomes. Suggest ethical ways to communicate and mitigate unintended consequences.
How to customize and extend these
- Adapt based on your field.
- Combine prompts when needed.
- Refine based on what you get.
- Write your own.
- Keep testing and tweaking.